Athens Institute for Education and Research ATINER ATINER ' s Conference Paper Series CIV 2013 - 0489
نویسندگان
چکیده
There is concern that roadside advertising presents a significant risk to driving safety, with conservative estimates putting external distractions responsible for up to 10% of all traffic incidents (Young and Mahfoud, 2007). Studies indicate that any interference that distracts the driver from looking forward from the roadway for more than two seconds significantly increases the chances of crashes and near crashes (Klauer et al., 2006). The focus of this paper is on digital advertising billboards and their potential link to traffic crashes due to driver distraction. Due to the growing debate on this issue, a need exists to document the state of practice with respect to digital advertising billboards and driver distraction in a clear, systematic, and concise manner. The paper provides a comprehensive synthesis of findings from an extensive review of national and international literature on the topic of digital billboards and traffic safety. First, it discusses digital advertising billboard technology and industry regulation practices. Emphasis is then placed on studies that investigate links between driver distraction associated with roadside ATINER CONFERENCE PAPER SERIES No: CIV2013-0489 7 advertising and traffic safety. Crash studies focusing on statistical analysis of historical data as well as behavioral studies (both naturalistic and driving simulator based) are discussed and contrasted. The paper concludes with a summary of findings and recommendations for future research. Overall, this paper provides a thorough examination of safety issues associated with the use of digital advertising billboards, which can guide transportation agencies and policy makers on the regulation of digital advertising billboards in the future.
منابع مشابه
Athens Institute for Education and Research ATINER ATINER ' s Conference Paper Series TRA 2017 - 2275
Vehicle Manufacturer Recognition (VMR) has recently become a key feature to be used when license plate numbers cannot be detected or fake plate numbers are used in traffic control and management applications. One of the clearest indicators of a vehicle manufacturer is its vehicle logo. In this way, most of the vision-based VMR approaches are based on vehicle logo classification. In this work, w...
متن کاملAthens Institute for Education and Research ATINER ATINER ' s Conference Paper Series PHA 2014 - 1331 Joana Marto
Pickering emulsions differ from classical emulsions, because the first are stabilized by solid particles instead of surfactants. This type of emulsions has been widely investigated in pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields since they present less adverse effects than the classical emulsions that are stabilized by surfactants. The present study was conducted in order to characterize physically and c...
متن کاملPolarization constant $mathcal{K}(n,X)=1$ for entire functions of exponential type
In this paper we will prove that if $L$ is a continuous symmetric n-linear form on a Hilbert space and $widehat{L}$ is the associated continuous n-homogeneous polynomial, then $||L||=||widehat{L}||$. For the proof we are using a classical generalized inequality due to S. Bernstein for entire functions of exponential type. Furthermore we study the case that if X is a Banach space then we have t...
متن کاملTeaching in a family-centered care model: the exam room as the classroom.
Although Osler challenges us to study disease in the context of patients, family-centered care (FCC) challenges us to study disease in front of and alongside our patients. This article focuses on teaching in the presence of patients and families, at the bedside and during outpatient encounters, as part of the ongoing Council on Medical Student Education in Pediatrics series on skills and strate...
متن کاملDeveloping a new model for availability optimization applied to a series-parallel system (Quality Engineering Conference Paper)
Redundancy technique is known as a way to enhance the reliability and availability of non-reparable systems, but for repairable systems, another factor is getting prominent called as the number of maintenance resources. In this study, availability optimization of series-parallel systems is modelled by using Markovian process by which the number of maintenance resources is located into the obje...
متن کامل